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<blockquote data-quote="Il Dott" data-source="post: 2043713" data-attributes="member: 17474"><p>Premesso che sono ricercatore</p><p>nell'ambito biomedico ma non </p><p>nel settore della fisiologia dello sport,</p><p>ho fatto un pò di ricerca su</p><p>PubMed (che è la + grande biblioteca</p><p>scientifica del mondo), e ho trovato</p><p>articoli molto interessanti!!</p><p>Vi riporto alcuni abstract.</p><p> </p><p>Per facilitare la comprensione</p><p>bisogna sapere che la struttura di</p><p>un articolo scientifico è la seguente:</p><p>Scopo ("cosa volevo dimostrare")</p><p>Metodi ("come ho condotto lo studio")</p><p>Risultati ("cosa ho trovato")</p><p>Conclusioni</p><p> </p><p>Visto che la lettura può risultare difficoltosa</p><p>ho evidenziato in neretto i passi salienti.</p><p>Ciao e buona lettura</p><p> </p><p><span style="color: #0066cc">J Strength Cond Res.</span> 2009 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print]</p><p><strong>Maximal Strength Training Improves Cycling Economy in Competitive Cyclists.</strong></p><p></p><p><a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Sunde%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Sunde A</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22St%C3%B8ren%20O%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Støren O</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Bjerkaas%20M%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Bjerkaas M</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Larsen%20MH%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Larsen MH</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hoff%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Hoff J</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Helgerud%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Helgerud J</span></a>.</p><p>1Department of Sport and Outdoor Life Studies, Telemark University College, Bø, Norway;</p><p> </p><p><strong>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of maximal strength training on cycling economy</strong> (CE) at 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (&OV0312;o2max), work efficiency in cycling at 70% &OV0312;o2max, and time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power. Responses in 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and rate of force development (RFD) in half-squats, &OV0312;o2max, CE, work efficiency, and time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power were examined. Sixteen competitive road cyclists (12 men and 4 women) were randomly assigned into either an intervention or a control group. Thirteen (10 men and 3 women) cyclists completed the study. The intervention group (7 men and 1 woman) performed half-squats, 4 sets of 4 repetitions maximum, 3 times per week for 8 weeks, as a supplement to their normal endurance training. The control group continued their normal endurance training during the same period. The intervention manifested significant (p < 0.05) improvements in 1RM (14.2%), RFD (16.7%), CE (4.8%), work efficiency (4.7%), and time to exhaustion at pre-intervention maximal aerobic power (17.2%). No changes were found in &OV0312;o2max or body weight. The control group exhibited an improvement in work efficiency (1.4%), but this improvement was significantly (p < 0.05) smaller than that in the intervention group. No changes from pre- to postvalues in any of the other parameters were apparent in the control group. <strong>In conclusion, maximal strength training for 8 weeks improved CE and efficiency and increased time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power among competitive road cyclists, without change in maximal oxygen uptake, cadence, or body weight. Based on the results from the present study, we advise cyclists to include maximal strength training in their training programs.</strong></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: #0066cc">J Strength Cond Res.</span> 2007 Feb;21(1):289-95.</p><p><strong>High resistance/low repetition vs. low resistance/high repetition training: effects on performance of trained cyclists.</strong></p><p></p><p><a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Jackson%20NP%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Jackson NP</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hickey%20MS%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Hickey MS</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Reiser%20RF%202nd%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Reiser RF 2nd</span></a>.</p><p>Navitas Cancer Rehabilitation Center, Westminster, Colorado 80031, USA.</p><p> </p><p>In order <strong>to investigate the effects of a resistance training modality on cycling performance</strong>, 23 trained club-level cyclists were placed into high resistance/low repetition (H-Res), low resistance/high repetition (H-Rep), or cycling-only groups for a 10-week program. All 3 groups followed the same cycling plan, but the H-Res and H-Rep groups added resistance training. <strong>Testing pre and post consisted of a graded incremental lactate profile test on an ergometer</strong>, with blood lactate being sampled. <strong>VO2 values were measured</strong> to determine economy. Maximum strength testing of 4 strength exercises targeting the lower extremity musculature was conducted with the H-Res and H-Rep groups. There were significant gains in all 4 resistance training exercises (p < 0.05) for both H-Res and H-Rep, with the H-Res group having significantly greater gains than the H-Rep group had in the leg press exercise (p < 0.05). There were, however, no significant group x training differences (p > 0.05) found between the 3 training groups on the cycling test in lactate values or economy. <strong>It appears that for this population of cyclists, neither H-Res nor H-Rep resistance training provided any additional performance benefit in a graded incremental cycling test when compared with cycling alone</strong> over a training time of this length.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><span style="color: #0066cc">J Strength Cond Res.</span> 2005 Nov;19(4):826-30.</p><p><strong>Combining explosive and high-resistance training improves performance in competitive cyclists.</strong></p><p></p><p><a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Paton%20CD%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Paton CD</span></a>, <a href="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hopkins%20WG%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0066cc">Hopkins WG</span></a>.</p><p>The Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, The Waikato Institute of Technology, Hamilton, New Zealand. <a href="mailto:carl.paton@wintec.ac.nz">carl.paton@wintec.ac.nz</a></p><p> </p><p><strong>In several recent studies, athletes experienced substantial gains in sprint and endurance performance when explosive training or high-intensity interval training was added in the noncompetitive phase of a season</strong>. Here we report the effect of combining these 2 types of training on performance in the competitive phase. We randomized 18 road cyclists to an experimental (n = 9) or control (n = 9) group for 4-5 weeks of training. The experimental group replaced part of their usual training with twelve 30-minute sessions consisting of 3 sets of explosive single-leg jumps (20 for each leg) alternating with 3 sets of high-resistance cycling sprints (5 x 30 seconds at 60-70 min(-1) with 30-second recoveries between repetitions). <strong>Performance measures, obtained over 2-3 days on a cycle ergometer before and after the intervention, were mean power in a 1- and 4-km time trial, peak power in an incremental test, and lactate-profile power and oxygen cost</strong> determined from 2 fixed submaximal workloads. The control group showed little mean change in performance. Power output sampled in the training sprints of the experimental group indicated a plateau in the training effect after 8-12 sessions. Relative to the control group, the mean changes (+/-90% confidence limits) in the experimental group were: 1-km power, 8.7% (+/-2.5%); 4-km power, 8.1% (+/-4.1%); peak power, 6.8% (+/-3.6); lactate-profile power, 3.7% (+/-4.8%); and oxygen cost, -3.0% (+/-2.6%). Individual responses to the training were apparent only for 4-km and lactate-profile power (standard deviations of 2.5% and 2.8%, respectively). <strong>The addition of explosive training and high-resistance interval training to the programs of already well-trained cyclists produces major gains in sprint and endurance performance</strong>, partly through improvements in exercise efficiency and anaerobic threshold.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Il Dott, post: 2043713, member: 17474"] Premesso che sono ricercatore nell'ambito biomedico ma non nel settore della fisiologia dello sport, ho fatto un pò di ricerca su PubMed (che è la + grande biblioteca scientifica del mondo), e ho trovato articoli molto interessanti!! Vi riporto alcuni abstract. Per facilitare la comprensione bisogna sapere che la struttura di un articolo scientifico è la seguente: Scopo ("cosa volevo dimostrare") Metodi ("come ho condotto lo studio") Risultati ("cosa ho trovato") Conclusioni Visto che la lettura può risultare difficoltosa ho evidenziato in neretto i passi salienti. Ciao e buona lettura [URL="javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'J Strength Cond Res.');"][COLOR=#0066cc]J Strength Cond Res.[/COLOR][/URL] 2009 Oct 22. [Epub ahead of print] [B]Maximal Strength Training Improves Cycling Economy in Competitive Cyclists.[/B] [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Sunde%20A%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Sunde A[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22St%C3%B8ren%20O%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Støren O[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Bjerkaas%20M%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Bjerkaas M[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Larsen%20MH%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Larsen MH[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hoff%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Hoff J[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Helgerud%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Helgerud J[/COLOR][/URL]. 1Department of Sport and Outdoor Life Studies, Telemark University College, Bø, Norway; [B]The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of maximal strength training on cycling economy[/B] (CE) at 70% of maximal oxygen consumption (&OV0312;o2max), work efficiency in cycling at 70% &OV0312;o2max, and time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power. Responses in 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and rate of force development (RFD) in half-squats, &OV0312;o2max, CE, work efficiency, and time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power were examined. Sixteen competitive road cyclists (12 men and 4 women) were randomly assigned into either an intervention or a control group. Thirteen (10 men and 3 women) cyclists completed the study. The intervention group (7 men and 1 woman) performed half-squats, 4 sets of 4 repetitions maximum, 3 times per week for 8 weeks, as a supplement to their normal endurance training. The control group continued their normal endurance training during the same period. The intervention manifested significant (p < 0.05) improvements in 1RM (14.2%), RFD (16.7%), CE (4.8%), work efficiency (4.7%), and time to exhaustion at pre-intervention maximal aerobic power (17.2%). No changes were found in &OV0312;o2max or body weight. The control group exhibited an improvement in work efficiency (1.4%), but this improvement was significantly (p < 0.05) smaller than that in the intervention group. No changes from pre- to postvalues in any of the other parameters were apparent in the control group. [B]In conclusion, maximal strength training for 8 weeks improved CE and efficiency and increased time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic power among competitive road cyclists, without change in maximal oxygen uptake, cadence, or body weight. Based on the results from the present study, we advise cyclists to include maximal strength training in their training programs.[/B] [URL="javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'J Strength Cond Res.');"][COLOR=#0066cc]J Strength Cond Res.[/COLOR][/URL] 2007 Feb;21(1):289-95. [B]High resistance/low repetition vs. low resistance/high repetition training: effects on performance of trained cyclists.[/B] [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Jackson%20NP%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Jackson NP[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hickey%20MS%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Hickey MS[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Reiser%20RF%202nd%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Reiser RF 2nd[/COLOR][/URL]. Navitas Cancer Rehabilitation Center, Westminster, Colorado 80031, USA. In order [B]to investigate the effects of a resistance training modality on cycling performance[/B], 23 trained club-level cyclists were placed into high resistance/low repetition (H-Res), low resistance/high repetition (H-Rep), or cycling-only groups for a 10-week program. All 3 groups followed the same cycling plan, but the H-Res and H-Rep groups added resistance training. [B]Testing pre and post consisted of a graded incremental lactate profile test on an ergometer[/B], with blood lactate being sampled. [B]VO2 values were measured[/B] to determine economy. Maximum strength testing of 4 strength exercises targeting the lower extremity musculature was conducted with the H-Res and H-Rep groups. There were significant gains in all 4 resistance training exercises (p < 0.05) for both H-Res and H-Rep, with the H-Res group having significantly greater gains than the H-Rep group had in the leg press exercise (p < 0.05). There were, however, no significant group x training differences (p > 0.05) found between the 3 training groups on the cycling test in lactate values or economy. [B]It appears that for this population of cyclists, neither H-Res nor H-Rep resistance training provided any additional performance benefit in a graded incremental cycling test when compared with cycling alone[/B] over a training time of this length. [URL="javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'J Strength Cond Res.');"][COLOR=#0066cc]J Strength Cond Res.[/COLOR][/URL] 2005 Nov;19(4):826-30. [B]Combining explosive and high-resistance training improves performance in competitive cyclists.[/B] [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Paton%20CD%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Paton CD[/COLOR][/URL], [URL="http://www.bdc-forum.it/pubmed?term=%22Hopkins%20WG%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstract"][COLOR=#0066cc]Hopkins WG[/COLOR][/URL]. The Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, The Waikato Institute of Technology, Hamilton, New Zealand. [EMAIL="carl.paton@wintec.ac.nz"]carl.paton@wintec.ac.nz[/EMAIL] [B]In several recent studies, athletes experienced substantial gains in sprint and endurance performance when explosive training or high-intensity interval training was added in the noncompetitive phase of a season[/B]. Here we report the effect of combining these 2 types of training on performance in the competitive phase. We randomized 18 road cyclists to an experimental (n = 9) or control (n = 9) group for 4-5 weeks of training. The experimental group replaced part of their usual training with twelve 30-minute sessions consisting of 3 sets of explosive single-leg jumps (20 for each leg) alternating with 3 sets of high-resistance cycling sprints (5 x 30 seconds at 60-70 min(-1) with 30-second recoveries between repetitions). [B]Performance measures, obtained over 2-3 days on a cycle ergometer before and after the intervention, were mean power in a 1- and 4-km time trial, peak power in an incremental test, and lactate-profile power and oxygen cost[/B] determined from 2 fixed submaximal workloads. The control group showed little mean change in performance. Power output sampled in the training sprints of the experimental group indicated a plateau in the training effect after 8-12 sessions. Relative to the control group, the mean changes (+/-90% confidence limits) in the experimental group were: 1-km power, 8.7% (+/-2.5%); 4-km power, 8.1% (+/-4.1%); peak power, 6.8% (+/-3.6); lactate-profile power, 3.7% (+/-4.8%); and oxygen cost, -3.0% (+/-2.6%). Individual responses to the training were apparent only for 4-km and lactate-profile power (standard deviations of 2.5% and 2.8%, respectively). [B]The addition of explosive training and high-resistance interval training to the programs of already well-trained cyclists produces major gains in sprint and endurance performance[/B], partly through improvements in exercise efficiency and anaerobic threshold. [/QUOTE]
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