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Testo: <blockquote data-quote="alberto12345" data-source="post: 1548516" data-attributes="member: 14924">letteratura medica fra le migliaia di articoli... The Effect of Ozone and PM10 on Hospital Admissions for Pneumonia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A National Multicity Study Mercedes Medina-Ramón1, Antonella Zanobetti1 and Joel Schwartz1,2 [SIZE=-1]1 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA2 Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA [/SIZE][SIZE=-1]Correspondence to Dr. Mercedes Medina-Ramón, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Landmark Center, Suite 415 West, Boston, MA 02215 (e-mail: <a href="mailto:mmedinar@hsph.harvard.edu">mmedinar@hsph.harvard.edu</a> ).[/SIZE] A case-crossover study was conducted in 36 US cities to evaluate the effect of ozone and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <img src="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/math/le.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />10 µm (PM10) on respiratory hospital admissions and to identify which city characteristics may explain the heterogeneity in risk estimates. Respiratory hospital admissions and air pollution data were obtained for 19861999. In a meta-analysis based on the city-specific regression models, several city characteristics were evaluated as effect modifiers. During the warm season, the 2-day cumulative effect of a 5-ppb increase in ozone was a 0.27% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.47) increase in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions and a 0.41% (95% CI: 0.26, 0.57) increase in pneumonia admissions. Similarly, a 10-µg/m3 increase in PM10 during the warm season resulted in a 1.47% (95% CI: 0.93, 2.01) increase in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at lag 1 and a 0.84% (95% CI: 0.50, 1.19) increase in pneumonia at lag 0. Percentage of households with central air conditioning reduced the effect of air pollution, and variability of summer apparent temperature reduced the effect of ozone on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The study confirmed, in a large sample of cities, that exposure to ozone and PM10 is associated with respiratory hospital admissions and provided evidence that the effect of air pollution is modified by certain city characteristics. air pollution; effect modifiers (epidemiology); ozone; pneumonia; pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PM10, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <img src="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/math/le.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />10 µm; PM2.5, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <img src="http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/math/le.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />2.5 µm</blockquote>

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