ciclotrainer
Apprendista Scalatore
- 25 Novembre 2007
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- Bici
- S3, R3, P3C, SLC-SL TdF, Cinelli Willi'n, Cinelli Experience
As previously reported by Broker and Gregor
(1994), most of the mechanical work generated by
joint power occurred in the power phase of the
crank cycle (0 180° of crank angle). Contrary to
walking and running, most of the mechanical energy
related to cycling movement is provided by
the concentric actions of the lower limb muscles
(Kautz & Neptune, 2002; Williams, 1985). We can
observe this by the small negative power in all three
lower limb joints in Figure 1, as the hip and knee
joint power were higher than the ankle joint. Therefore,
Hawkins and Hull (1990) conducted a computational
simulation to calculate the mechanical work
developed by some of the most important muscles
of cycling movement. Their concern was on the
occurrence of stretch-shortening cycles (eccentric
followed by concentric contraction) during cycling,
which was observed to occur at the hip joint extensors
(i.e.
(1994), most of the mechanical work generated by
joint power occurred in the power phase of the
crank cycle (0 180° of crank angle). Contrary to
walking and running, most of the mechanical energy
related to cycling movement is provided by
the concentric actions of the lower limb muscles
(Kautz & Neptune, 2002; Williams, 1985). We can
observe this by the small negative power in all three
lower limb joints in Figure 1, as the hip and knee
joint power were higher than the ankle joint. Therefore,
Hawkins and Hull (1990) conducted a computational
simulation to calculate the mechanical work
developed by some of the most important muscles
of cycling movement. Their concern was on the
occurrence of stretch-shortening cycles (eccentric
followed by concentric contraction) during cycling,
which was observed to occur at the hip joint extensors
(i.e.
m. gluteus maximus and m. biceps femoris)
and knee joint extensors (i.e. m. vastus lateralis
and knee joint extensors (i.e. m. vastus lateralis
and
m. rectus femoris). Results indicate that the
storage of elastic energy, even lower than in running,
could be observed during cycling. Sanderson,
Martin, Honeyman, and Keefer, 2006) reported that
the m. soleus worked eccentrically at the recovery
phase of pedaling cadence while m. gastrocnemius
storage of elastic energy, even lower than in running,
could be observed during cycling. Sanderson,
Martin, Honeyman, and Keefer, 2006) reported that
the m. soleus worked eccentrically at the recovery
phase of pedaling cadence while m. gastrocnemius
acted concentrically, also presenting evidence of eccentric
contraction during the cycling movement.
In Figure 2, we summarize in six events the ankle
joint muscles storage and release of energy during
the power phase of crank cycle.contraction during the cycling movement.
In Figure 2, we summarize in six events the ankle
joint muscles storage and release of energy during
The energy storage introduced in Figure 2 can
be observed in Figure 3 by the ankle angle and the
resultant moment analysis during the power phase
of crank cycle.be observed in Figure 3 by the ankle angle and the
resultant moment analysis during the power phase
In Figure 3, we can observe two events related
to storage and release of mechanical energy by the
plantar
to storage and release of mechanical energy by the
plantar
fl exor muscles. Data were analyzed based
on previous studies Bini, Diefenthaeler, and Mota
(in press) and Dingwell, Joubert, Diefenthaeler, and
Trinity (2008). During event 1, the increased dorsifl
on previous studies Bini, Diefenthaeler, and Mota
(in press) and Dingwell, Joubert, Diefenthaeler, and
Trinity (2008). During event 1, the increased dorsifl
exion associated with increased plantar
fl exor
moment indicates triceps surae increasing in length
while this muscle group increases the plantar fl exor
moment. During the second event, the ankle joint
moves to the plantar fl exion while the resultant moment
is also plantar fl exor. This second event is associated
with energy transfer from proximal segments,
which will be introduced in the following
moment indicates triceps surae increasing in length
while this muscle group increases the plantar fl exor
moment. During the second event, the ankle joint
moves to the plantar fl exion while the resultant moment
is also plantar fl exor. This second event is associated
with energy transfer from proximal segments,
which will be introduced in the following
contents.
